Axle tube diameters vary slightly depending on the axle, but for simplicity assume the tube has an outside diameter (OD) of 3". Half of that is 1-1/2". Add a half inch for the depth of the perch (again an approximation) and you have a distance of 2" from axle centerline to spring surface.
When your wheels/tires apply traction to the ground and want to rotate forward, the axle tube tries to rotate in the opposite direction. The springs have to resist that rotation, and that 2" dimension is the lever arm.
Now add a 3" block, and you have more than doubled the leverage (150% increase, in fact, or 2-1/2 times) that the axle exerts on the springs. It has nothing to do with surface contact area. It's all about leverage.